God Don’t Save The Queen

Flashback:

History:

The British Royals since 1714 are coming from the House of Hannover and the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. The Royals are ‘really’ Germans.

The royal family’s official name, or lack thereof, became a problem during World War I, when people began to mutter that Saxe-Coburg-Gotha sounded far too German. King George V and his family needed a new English-sounding name. After considering everything from Plantagenet to Tudor-Stuart to simply England, the king and his advisors chose the name Windsor.

You’ll find som more links on the Royals down below.

Why the people cheer at Royals who have lived and still live off of them and who still receive paychecks funded by the taxpayer for doing NOTHING is beyond me.

The more people’s lives suck and the more uneducated they are, the more they seem to have a tendency to romantically adore their Royals.

See also:

The World’s 15 Biggest Landowners (Business Insider):

#1 Queen Elizabeth II

Land: 6.6 billion acres of land worldwide including Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Canada, Australia and a few other spots here and there. Also, the all-important Falkland Islands.
Background: England’s third (and most likely soon to be second) longest serving monarch, Elizabeth II retains royal title over The British Commonwealth and as such manages to keep her face on money throughout the globe.

With her 6.6 billion acres, Elizabeth II is far and away the world’s largest landowner, with the closest runner-up (King Abdullah) holding control over a mere 547 million, or about 12% of the lands owned by Her Majesty, The Queen.

Acreage estimates provided by The New Statesman.


God Don’t Save The Queen (ZeroHedge, June 6, 2012):

“Crowds Cheer Queen On Last Day of Jubilee”

So ran the headline from Time.  Yesterday marked the end of the “Diamond Jubilee” of Queen Elizabeth II of the British monarchy.  The four day celebration was is honor of her ascendancy to the throne sixty years ago.  On the closing day, crowds of well-wishers gathered to cheer on her majesty by chanting “God Save the Queen!” as she addressed the nation. While the Queen holds little political power today, she and the royal family remain incredibly popular.  Throughout the festivities, an estimated 1.5 million people paid their respects to the royal dynasty.

Is there something wrong with this picture?

Monarchies are supposed to be antithetical to freedom.  Under feudalistic monarchism, the notion of personal liberty took a backseat to loyalty to the king.  Those who weren’t part of or close to the nobility were referred to as subjects.  These peasants were to serve without question.  Their happiness was supposed to be derived directly from the happiness of their rulers.  The class system was rigid as the ruling coalition, that is the king, royal family, nobles, and feudal lords, eagerly held onto power to secure their systematic exploitation.

So why is the Queen of England still so highly regarded today? Does her position not represent a time in the past where men and women were explicitly in the forced servitude of others?

Read moreGod Don’t Save The Queen

The World’s Biggest Landowners

The World’s 15 Biggest Landowners (Business Insider, Mar, 18, 2011):

The world’s total land mass consists of 36.8 billion acres of inhabitable land.

An incredible 21 percent of this land is owned by a short list of landowners, according to The New Statesman.

Of course that includes the Queen of England, who nominally owns places like Canada and Australia. The list also includes American billionaires like Ted Turner and the Irving family.

#15 Ted Turner

Land: Acreage totaling over 2 million. In The United States, he owns thousands of square miles of hunting grounds in Georgia and Montana. He also has roughly 11,000 acres of land in the Patagonia region of Argentina.

Background: Turner, an iconic America entrepreneur founded the Turner Broadcasting System that launched CNN and several others before being sold to Time Warner for yet another Turner fortune. The eccentric Turner is an avowed outdoorsman and has acquired land to use in his passion for fishing and hunting.

Acreage estimates provided by The New Statesman.

#14 Sheik Hamad Bin Khalifa of Qatar

Land: Basically… Qatar. The King owns the country and all 4,415 miles of it.
Background: Bin Khalifa has a been a modernizing voice and Western-friendly face in the Middle East since taking the throne in 1995.

Acreage estimates provided by The New Statesman.

#13 James, Arthur and John Irving

Land: The approximately 3.6 million acres of land held in Maine, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia make the Irvings the largest landowners in those states and provinces.
Background: As heirs to the J.D. Irving Group of Companies fortune, the three Canadian brothers also inherited thousands of square miles of forest land that the company uses as paper and pulp materials in one part of their very diversified business portfolio.

Read moreThe World’s Biggest Landowners

Dr. Paul Craig Roberts: Collapse At Hand – Gold And Silver Price Manipulation

See also:

Dr. Paul Craig Roberts: Washington’s Hypocrisies – ‘The US Government Is The Second Worst Human Rights Abuser On The Planet And The Sole Enabler Of The Worst–Israel’

Dr. Paul Craig Roberts: Recovery Or Collapse? Bet On Collapse! – ‘In The End, The Financial Crisis Could Destroy Western Civilization’

Dr. Paul Craig Roberts: Disinformation On Every Front

An article about Dr. Paul Craig Roberts:

Mindless Masses (Veterans Today)


Paul Craig Roberts was Assistant Secretary of the Treasury during President Reagan’s first term. He was Associate Editor of the Wall Street Journal. He has held numerous academic appointments, including the William E. Simon Chair, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Georgetown University, and Senior Research Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford University.

paul-craig-roberts
Dr. Paul Craig Roberts

Collapse At Hand (Paul Craig Roberts, June 5, 2012):

Ever since the beginning of the financial crisis and Quantitative Easing, the question has been before us:  How can the Federal Reserve maintain zero interest rates for banks and negative real interest rates for savers and bond holders when the US government is adding $1.5 trillion to the national debt every year via its budget deficits?  Not long ago the Fed announced that it was going to continue this policy for another 2 or 3 years. Indeed, the Fed is locked into the policy. Without the artificially low interest rates, the debt service on the national debt would be so large that it would raise questions about the US Treasury’s credit rating and the viability of the dollar, and the trillions of dollars in Interest Rate Swaps and other derivatives would come unglued.

In other words, financial deregulation leading to Wall Street’s gambles, the US government’s decision to bail out the banks and to keep them afloat, and the Federal Reserve’s zero interest rate policy have put the economic future of the US and its currency in an untenable and dangerous position.  It will not be possible to continue to flood the bond markets with $1.5 trillion in new issues each year when the interest rate on the bonds is less than the rate of inflation. Everyone who purchases a Treasury bond is purchasing a depreciating asset. Moreover, the capital risk of investing in Treasuries is very high. The low interest rate means that the price paid for the bond is very high. A rise in interest rates, which must come sooner or later, will collapse the price of the bonds and inflict capital losses on bond holders, both domestic and foreign.

The question is: when is sooner or later?  The purpose of this article is to examine that question.

Read moreDr. Paul Craig Roberts: Collapse At Hand – Gold And Silver Price Manipulation

BACK TO EDEN (Full Documentary)

Found it also on YouTube (I guess this video will be taken down SOON, because this upload is unauthorized.):


YouTube

Watch the movie here: BACK TO EDEN (or at Vimeo)

Welcome to BACK TO EDEN Film

BACK TO EDEN shares the story of one man’s lifelong journey, walking with God and learning how to get back to the simple, productive methods of sustainable provision that were given to man in the garden of Eden. The organic growing system that has resulted from Paul Gautschi’s incredible experiences has garnered the interest of visitors from around the world. However, never until now have Paul’s methods been documented and shared like this!

As a part of our mission to freely give and freely receive, the makers of BACK TO EDEN have agreed to stream the full feature film online for free. For viewers who support this film and who want to help other people see it, please share backtoedenfilm.com, buy copies of the full feature film to give to others or host a screening in your community.

Thank you for your support and generosity! It is with great excitement that we welcome you to watch the full feature film, BACK TO EDEN.

Vimeo description:

Produced & Directed by: Dana Richardson & Sarah Zentz
Executive Producer: Michael Barrett

After years of back-breaking toil in ground ravaged by the effects of man-made growing systems, Paul Gautschi has discovered a taste of what God intended for mankind in the garden of Eden. Some of the vital issues facing agriculture today include soil preparation, fertilization, irrigation, weed control, pest control, crop rotation, and PH issues. None of these issues exist in the unaltered state of nature or in Paul’s gardens and orchards.

“Back to Eden” invites you to take a walk with Paul as he teaches you sustainable organic growing methods that are capable of being implemented in diverse climates around the world.

EPA Uses Military Drones To Spy On Midwest Farmers Livestock Activity

EPA Drones Now Spying On Midwest Farmers Livestock Activity (Alexandr Higgins, June 3, 2012):

Congress has launched an inquiry into the EPA’s use of drones to monitor the livestock activities of farmers in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas and Missouri.

In the latest escalation of the government’s all out assault on freedom and liberty in America farmers have become the latest target Uncle Sam’s multibillion dollar spy-machine.

The EPA is now using the same drones the military uses to track and assassinate people overseas to spy on the livestock activities of farmers throughout the Section 7 area of the midwest United States which includes Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas and  Missouri.

Read moreEPA Uses Military Drones To Spy On Midwest Farmers Livestock Activity

Vladimir Putin Holds Firm On Syria

Vladimir Putin presses EU on visas but holds firm on Syria (Guardian, June 4, 2012):

The Russian president, Vladimir Putin, has said the European Union must ditch its “stereotypes” about Russia and called for swift progress on visa-free travel between his country and the EU at a summit overshadowed by the crisis in Syria.

Putin’s stance on Syria and his appetite for closer ties with Russia’s largest trading partner were in the spotlight at his first meeting with the EU since he returned to the Kremlin last month for a six-year term.

Moscow has resisted western efforts to condemn the Syrian president, Bashar al-Assad, and remove him from power during 15 months of bloodshed. Western nations blame Assad’s forces for the deaths of at least 9,000 people.

Read moreVladimir Putin Holds Firm On Syria

30,000 Secret Surveillance Orders Demanded Annually To Spy On Americans

30,000 secret surveillance orders demanded annually to spy on Americans (RT, June 6, 2012):

Even without CISPA on the books, the federal government can still use antiquated legislation to leer into the personal communications of Americans. One judge, in fact, says that thousands are approved each year.

It’s been more than a quarter of a century since the US Congress authorized the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) of 1986, but the incredibly outdated legislation is still used each and every day to let federal agents find out personal and private information by combing through emails, texts and any other form of online correspondence. Kade Crockford is a privacy rights coordinator with the American Civil Liberties Union and is fighting to make sure that ECPA is laid to rest.

Read more30,000 Secret Surveillance Orders Demanded Annually To Spy On Americans

Military Chief Benny Gantz: Israel ‘Super-Ready’ To Attack Iran

See also:

Israeli Military Chief: Iran Won’t Develop Nuclear Weapons, Warns Against ‘Hysteria’ As Netanyahu Threatens Attack Again:

Adding to the hope that the constant threats of war are empty ones, Israeli military chief Lt. Gen. Benny Gantz today expressed confidence of a diplomatic solution with Iran, adding that he didn’t think Iran would attempt to develop nuclear weapons.


Israel ‘super-ready’ to attack Iran – Defense Chief (RT, June 5, 2012):

Israel is fully prepared to attack Iran if needed, declared Israeli Defense Forces Chief of Staff Benny Gantz, saying the military threat is one convincing method of forcing Tehran to give up its nuclear ambitions.

­According to the military chief, “the vectors of international diplomatic isolation, economic pressure and sanctions, disturbances to the [nuclear] project… and a credible military threat” make the list of factors that can influence the direction of Iran’s nuclear program.

“In order to be a credible military threat, we must be super-ready, and as far as I’m concerned, we’re super-ready,” Gantz was cited by Israeli media as saying to the country’s Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee.

Read moreMilitary Chief Benny Gantz: Israel ‘Super-Ready’ To Attack Iran

Eco-Fascist James Hansen Admits Global Warming Is Not Man-Made

Eco-Fascist James Hansen Admits Global Warming is Not Man-Made (Occupy Corporatism, June 4, 2012):

In August of 2000, James Hansen co-authored a study on global warming as projected into the coming decades.

The study, entitled Global warming in the twenty-first century: An alternative scenario , pointed out that “rapid warming in recent decades has been driven mainly by non-CO2 greenhouse gases . . . not by the products of fossil fuel burning, CO2 and aerosols.”

After conducting the study, Hansen concluded that it was not man-made CO2 that was causing global warming.

Read moreEco-Fascist James Hansen Admits Global Warming Is Not Man-Made

32 Applications For Open Job At Boston Law Firm That Pays Just $10,000 PER YEAR!!! (Minimum Wage Is At About $15,000)

Open Job At Boston Law Firm Pays Just $10,000 Per Year (CBS, June 4, 2012):

BOSTON (CBS) – By now, most people know a law degree hardly guarantees law school graduates will snag a good job, let alone a high-paying BigLaw position.

But it may be even tougher than you think to get a high-paying legal job just out of law school. Hiring law firms, if you thought you were lowballing new grads, think again.

The BBJ received an emailed tip this week from someone who says they’re an employed, Boston College Law School (BC Law) graduate. The tipster sent screen grabs of a job listing on BC Law’s career site. The post advertises a full-time associate position at a small Boston law firm, Gilbert & O’Bryan LLP, paying just $10,000 per year. (That’s $10K, it’s not a typo.)

Larry O’Bryan, one of the firm’s partners, said he’s received about 32 applications for the $10K per year job, since posting it one week ago. He said that while the pay is low, the lawyer who is eventually hired will gain valuable experience.

“What we emphasize is that we do provide the opportunity for new associates to have their own case load right from the start,” said O’Bryan.

Workers working full-time with four weeks’ vacation at Massachusetts’ minimum wage of $8 would be paid more than $15,000. At the federal minimum wage of $7.25, a worker would earn nearly $14,000 in a year. Maybe BC Law grads should take a look at a slide show published by Boston Business Journal earlier this month: 50 Boston jobs under $50K.

Read more32 Applications For Open Job At Boston Law Firm That Pays Just $10,000 PER YEAR!!! (Minimum Wage Is At About $15,000)

Moody’s Downgrades Six German Bank Groups, And Their Subsidiaries, By Up To Three Notches

Moody’s Downgrades Six German Bank Groups, And Their Subsidiaries, By Up To Three Notches (ZeroHedge, June 5, 2012):

First Moody’s cut the most prominent Austrian banks, and now it is Germany’s turn, if not that of the most undercapitalized German bank yet: “The ongoing rating review for Deutsche Bank AG and its subsidiaries will be concluded together with the reviews for other global firms with large capital markets operations.

The full downgrade Matrix:

From Moody’s

Moody’s takes multiple actions on German banks’ ratings; most outlooks now stable

Frankfurt am Main, June 06, 2012 — Moody’s Investors Service has today taken various rating actions on seven German banks and their subsidiaries, as well as one German subsidiary of a foreign group. As a result, the long-term debt and deposit ratings for six groups and one German subsidiary of a foreign group have declined by one notch, while the ratings for one group were confirmed. Moody’s also downgraded the long-term debt and deposit ratings for several subsidiaries of these groups, by up to three notches. At the same time, the short-term ratings for three groups as well as one German subsidiary of a foreign group have been downgraded by one notch, triggered by the long-term rating downgrades.

Read moreMoody’s Downgrades Six German Bank Groups, And Their Subsidiaries, By Up To Three Notches

5 Million Farmers Sue Monsanto For $7.7 Billion

About time!


5 Million Farmers Sue Monsanto for $7.7 Billion (Natural Society, June 5, 2012):

Launching a lawsuit against the very company that is responsible for a farmer suicide every 30 minutes, 5 million farmers are now suing Monsanto for as much as 6.2 billion euros (around 7.7 billion US dollars). The reason? As with many other cases, such as the ones that led certain farming regions to be known as the ‘suicide belt’, Monsanto has been reportedly taxing the farmers to financial shambles with ridiculous royalty charges. The farmers state that Monsanto has been unfairly gathering exorbitant profits each year on a global scale from “renewal” seed harvests, which are crops planted using seed from the previous year’s harvest.

The practice of using renewal seeds dates back to ancient times, but Monsanto seeks to collect massive royalties and put an end to the practice. Why? Because Monsanto owns the very patent to the genetically modified seed, and is charging the farmers not only for the original crops, but the later harvests as well. Eventually, the royalties compound and many farmers begin to struggle with even keeping their farm afloat. It is for this reason that India slammed Monsanto with groundbreaking ‘biopiracy’ charges in an effort to stop Monsanto from ‘patenting life’.

Read more5 Million Farmers Sue Monsanto For $7.7 Billion

PIMCO And JPMorgan Halt Vacations To Prepare For Economic Crash: Market Rumor

Market rumor: Pimco and JP Morgan halt vacations to prepare for economic crash (Examiner, June 3, 2012):

On June 1, market rumors were coming out of a hedge fund luncheon stating that Pimco, JP Morgan, and other financial companies were cancelling summer vacations for employees so they could prepare for a major ‘Lehman type’ economic crash projected for the coming months.  These rumors came on a day when the markets nearly came to capitulation, with the DOW falling more than 274 points, and gold soaring over $63 as traders across the board fled stocks and moved into safer investments.

Todd Harrison tweet: Hearing (not confirmed) @PIMCO asked employees to cancel vacations to have “all hands on deck” for a Lehman-type tail event. Confirm?

Todd M. Schoenberger tweet: @todd_harrison @pimco I heard the same thing, but I also heard the same for “some” at JPM. Heard it today at a hedge fund luncheon.

Todd Harrison is the CEO of the award winning internet media company Minyanville, while Todd Shoenberger is a managing principal at the Blackbay Group, and an adjunct professor of Finance at Cecil College.

Pimco and JP Morgan Chase are not the only financial institutions worried about a potential repeat of the 2008 credit crisis.  On May 31, one day before Pinco rumors began to spread around the markets, World Bank President Robert Zoellick issued the same warnings of a potential ‘rerun of the great panic of 2008’.

Read morePIMCO And JPMorgan Halt Vacations To Prepare For Economic Crash: Market Rumor

Beijing Alone Has 50% More Vacant Housing Than The US

Beijing Alone Has 50% More Vacant Housing Than The US (ZeroHedge, June 6, 2012):

Putting some housing things into perspective. From the (less than credible) NAR:

Total housing inventory at the end of April rose 9.5 percent to 2.54 million existing homes available for sale, a seasonal increase which represents a 6.6-month supply at the current sales pace, up from a 6.2-month supply in March.  Listed inventory is 20.6 percent below a year ago when there was a 9.1-month supply; the record for unsold inventory was 4.04 million in July 2007.

Meanwhile, half a world away, from a just released report in Beijing News (google translated):

The Beijing Public Security Bureau Population Administration Department said yesterday that have checked the information of the mobile population 725.5 million, mark the rental housing 1.39 million, checking vacant houses to 3.812 million.

So, broadly speaking: US: 2.5 million available homes; Beijing one city in China – has 3.8 million??

That is all.

See also:

Collapse: Foreclosures Made Up 26 Percent Of U.S. Home Sales In First Quarter Of 2012

The Reign In Spain Is Over: Spain Capitulates Asks EU For Bankster Bailout

The Reign In Spain Is Over (ZeroHedge, June 5, 2012):

Spain Capitulates

Spain has now officially asked the European Union for aid for its banks. The markets seem to be responding as if the bank issue is isolated. It is not isolated. We are following the same schematic as we did with Ireland; first it was the banks and then it was the country and then the “Men in Black” showed up to take over. Spain says it is a 50 billion Euro problem and the reality is probably more like a 400 billion Euro problem. There is all kinds of cross lending between the banks in Spain and while Spain’s largest two banks have tried everything they could to isolate themselves; I predict there will be no escape for anyone. Now that Spain has asked for a bailout of their banks the European auditors will show up and I would bet large money that the values of many loans and the value of Real Estate and the securitizations tied to it will be found to have been vastly overstated. Then it will be the regional governments and their debts and the house of cards will implode. The Spanish Finance Minister kicked off the first domino this morning and we can all just stand by now and watch the rest fall.

Read moreThe Reign In Spain Is Over: Spain Capitulates Asks EU For Bankster Bailout

Iran Gold Imports Surge, Imported $1.2 Billion Of Precious Metals From Turkey in April Alone

Iran Gold Imports Surge – 1.2 Billion USD Of Precious Metals From Turkey in April Alone (ZeroHedge; June 5, 2012):

Turkish exports of gold, precious metals, pearls and coins to Iran rose to $1.2 billion in April from a tiny $7,500 a year earlier, according to figures released by the state statistics institute in Ankara yesterday.

This is a massive increase in demand and suggests that there may be official involvement in the imports from the Central Bank of Iran.

This trend continued in May when Turkish gold imports leapt by 150% in May due to unrelenting demand from sanction strapped Iran.

Turkey imported 19.47 tonnes of gold in May, up from 7.78 tonnes in April, according to data released by the Istanbul Gold Exchange on Friday.

Read moreIran Gold Imports Surge, Imported $1.2 Billion Of Precious Metals From Turkey in April Alone

Spain Caves, Admits It Needs European Bailout

Spain Caves, Admits It Needs European Bailout (ZeroHedge, June 5, 2012):

And so those lining up at the bailout trough are now 4: remember all those lies Spain spoon-fed the gullible press that it didn’t need a European bailout as recently as yesterday? You can now forget them. From Reuters: “Spain said on Tuesday that credit markets were closing to the euro zone’s fourth biggest economy as finance chiefs of the Group of Seven major economies were to hold emergency talks on the currency bloc’s worsening debt crisis. Treasury Minister Cristobal Montoro sent out the dramatic distress signal in a radio interview about the impact of his country’s banking crisis on government borrowing, saying that at current rates, financial markets were effectively shut to Spain. Montoro said Spanish banks should be recapitalised through European mechanisms, departing from the previous government line that Spain could raise the money on its own and and prompting the Madrid stock market to rise. But his comments on Spain’s borrowing sent the euro down after the 17-nation European currency earlier hit a one-week high against the dollar on expectations that a conference call of G7 finance ministers and central bankers may hasten bold action.” Well, Germany got its wish: it got Spain to admit it is broke. Just as it wanted – because remember: all Germany is, is a true lender of last resort unlike the ECB: after all they are the decision makers. And Germany knows very well that it needs Europe desperate when it is forced to accept any conditions to the German DIP loan that Schrodinger Schauble proposes. Which means forget anything positive will come out of the G7, and certainly forget anything actionable will come out of the ECB’s June 7 meeting. If anything, things will first get much worse, before things get better. And finally, don’t forget just who benefits the most from EURUSD at parity or lower… That’s right: Germany.

Read moreSpain Caves, Admits It Needs European Bailout

Bilderberg 2012: Detailed Member Bios, UK Guardian’s Video Report

Bilderberg 2012: detailed member bios, UK Guardian’s video report (Activist Post, June 3, 2012):

The “1%’s” elite Bilderberg meeting concludes today. The Guardian, the UK’s second-leading online newspaper, has reported on Bilderberg the last three years; their reporter Charlie Skelton explains Bilderberg in this 17-minute interview with InfoWars.


YouTube Added:02.06.2012

All videos can be viewed HERE.

Video Rebel’s Blog brilliantly documents Bilderberg participants’ biographies; I’m re-posting here with a few edits. I recognize some of the factual claims, and have not done the immense work to verify and document all of them.

Readers are advised to do their own research and thinking, as always. I appreciate Video Rebel’s leadership of factual discovery.

The “emperor has no clothes” obvious conclusion regarding Bilderberg is that the 1%’s policies in war and money are unlawful, annually kill millions, harm billions, and loot trillions of the 99%’s wealth. The only ethical, rational, and lawful response is to arrest obvious leaders to end these crimes:

Read moreBilderberg 2012: Detailed Member Bios, UK Guardian’s Video Report

Bilderberg Exposed On British TV With Guardian Correspondent Charlie Skelton (Videos)


YouTube Added: 30.05.2012

Description:

Infowars.com journalist Patrick Henningsen and Guardian correspondent Charlie Skelton discuss the secretive Bilderberg Group on British TV with Edge Media’s “On The Edge” show, airing on SKY Channel 200 Controversial TV.
http://www.emtvonline.co.uk/


YouTube Added: 30.05.2012


YouTube Added: 01.06.2012


YouTube Added:02.06.2012

Minamisoma City Councilor: ‘Plutonium-Absorbing Bacteria Found On Every Paved Surface’

Local Official: They found plutonium in every sample — Radiation-absorbing bacterium is everywhere on paved surfaces (ENENews, Jun 3, 2012):

June 3, 2012 blog post by Minamisoma City Councilor Koichi Oyama translated by Dissensus Japan:

[…]The other day when a member of the Diet visited Minamisoma City, he said that he had a meeting with an official beforehand but he got no information about it.

What happened to the Ministry of the Environment?

Read moreMinamisoma City Councilor: ‘Plutonium-Absorbing Bacteria Found On Every Paved Surface’