https://youtu.be/U88ZKJhztiM
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The man who trades freedom for security does not deserve nor will he ever receive either. – Benjamin Franklin
https://youtu.be/U88ZKJhztiM
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UK government preparing for mass vaccination which has been the plan all along https://t.co/HEAMUtIGjl pic.twitter.com/65x9Nvr0LK
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 1, 2020
Changes to Human Medicine Regulations to support the rollout of unlicenced COVID-19 vaccines https://t.co/drCnVkWs6J
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
THE GREAT RESET…
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300328395549499392
ILO raises global job loss forecast to 305M amid virus https://t.co/q1M7qnPWGQ pic.twitter.com/djO82ghCtS
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
United Airlines To Slash 16,370 Jobs
"Sadly, we don't expect demand to return to anything resembling normal until there is a widely available treatment or vaccine."https://t.co/1NEeZBb0t2
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
"Job Gains Are Minimal" – ADP Employment Dramatically Misses Expectations In August
“Job gains are minimal, and businesses across all sizes and sectors have yet to come close to their pre-COVID-19 employment levels."https://t.co/LKRY2VPThp
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1301036527607189509
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300490394480697345
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300554054137835520
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300576453419958272
https://twitter.com/dcrow_baby/status/1300897386907172864
Must See Illuminati Rituals Performed At 2020 MTV VMA’s https://t.co/C6H4TjEI2M pic.twitter.com/LOCvLFJfj8
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
Aaaand Another Biden Video…
Senior moment. https://t.co/ixp9tGNtFh
— Brit Hume (@brithume) September 1, 2020
This video shows a pregnant woman being arrested in her own home. According to the officer – "In relation to a Facebook post, in relation to a lockdown protest you put on for today"https://t.co/rYG1eECJw4
— Henry Makow (@HenryMakow) September 2, 2020
https://twitter.com/toadmeister/status/1301075591425388544
Racial division systematically indoctrinated in all institutions of the US federal government https://t.co/PE5AJkWmUO
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
"We Just Passed A Guy In A Jet Pack": FBI Investigating After Pilots Report Sighting At 3,000 Feet
“Only in L.A.,”https://t.co/dlvUsQrOrT
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
AND NOW…
People Who Reject Face Masks More Likely To Be Sociopaths: Study
Good thing we've received consistent advice on this…https://t.co/6ht7GCOHqF
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
***************
Cryptos Crash After Bitcoin Tags $12,000 Again
It seems someone really doesn't want to see Bitcoin above $12k…https://t.co/whrPF9F1oU
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1301191984535740420
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1301193456396759040
Trump Leads Biden At The Bookies Amid Surge In Black Americans' Support
According to the survey, 28 per cent of African-Americans say they plan to vote for Trump… This compares to 2016 when Trump attracted 8 per cent of the black vote..https://t.co/ryVFAVfNvW
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
— Henry Makow (@HenryMakow) September 2, 2020
It's a great time to be a landlord in America#Covidcommunism is all about theft of livelihood and property and getting something for nothinghttps://t.co/2NW91S6FPh
— Henry Makow (@HenryMakow) September 2, 2020
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300294422861471745
Excl: Labour right ‘trying to force GoFundMe to remove Corbyn fundraiser page’ as it passed £300,000 (The Labour Party has been hijacked by fascist infiltrators masquerading as ‘socialists’) https://t.co/OzX6BwoPbU
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
Message to a Scotland subjugated by Wee Jimmy Krankie https://t.co/dMAzn4ZFO3 pic.twitter.com/sggDpG1Fpu
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 1, 2020
"Demand Is Insane": NYC Movers Turn People Away, Suburban & Rural Housing Snagged Up, As Big City COVID-Exodus Accelerates
It's like "move out day on a college campus"…https://t.co/sCuut5zxVp
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300312465117380608
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300184628058181632
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1300583201870548994
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1301192570677211136
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1301239649671798791
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1301248502136152064
EAT is a 'DAVOS for food'. Their words. The WEF wants to control about every aspect of our daily lives, EAT takes care of the diet. Exact same actors within the EAT network as the ones you'll find in the WEF & WRI cluster. https://t.co/0Hia9czRL8
— Frédéric Leroy (@fleroy1974) August 31, 2020
Cult fraud and Bilderberger Elon Musk shares his Neuralink brain-implant microchip with the world – he must think we are as insane as him and unfortunately many are https://t.co/L9hsBfSRFn pic.twitter.com/L5ejNPcKwG
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 1, 2020
Original Tweet Of ‘British Union Of Fascists’ Banner Image Was From Hope Not Hate Senior Researcherhttps://t.co/vX8kFJ4K2p
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
Amazon Deletes Job Postings For "Intelligence Analyst" Positions After They Go Viral On Social Media
The roles were detailed as being responsible for monitoring “labor organizing threats” within the company…https://t.co/t0h7FEGe1v
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
US, UK Slam Moscow Over "Reprehensible Poisoning" Of Putin Critic Navalny As Russia Denies Involvement https://t.co/2wfM96svUI
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Biden Backtracks: Will Visit Kenosha After All
Will he visit Jacob Blake in the hospital?https://t.co/aC0rYySji4
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
FYI…
"This Is Straight Up Censorship": Joe Rogan Debuts On Spotify With Dozens Of "Controversial" Episodes Missinghttps://t.co/EhFb4A8GYr
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Former Central Banker: "The World Is Heading Towards A New Monetary System That Incorporates Gold"https://t.co/zH5Z2iAn2R
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
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— Henry Makow (@HenryMakow) September 2, 2020
"If Sweden stops at about 5,000 or 6,000 deaths, we will know that they’ve reached herd immunity, and we didn’t need to do any kind of lockdown,” predicted Nobel-laureate Dr. Michael Levitt (Chemistry and structural biology at Stanford) back on May 4 2020." pic.twitter.com/I2OwFwvDva
— Electroverse (@Electroversenet) September 2, 2020
Cuomo Delays Release Of Data On New York's COVID-19 Nursing Home Deaths Until After Election
Cuomo doesn't want American to know that he killed grandma…https://t.co/ITGdJN33Ci
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Sterilised masks made with extraordinary attention to detail and protection https://t.co/qNudELJxzP pic.twitter.com/1E6NNl3d6F
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
Technocrats Freak Out Over CDC’s 6% COVID Death Figure – the ‘Covid’ lie is unravelling (see The Answer for the shocking scale of deceit) https://t.co/9I7glcRKw1
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
Irish Savant
Have you read all about the stunning new study which exposes the Covid-19 panic for what it is – namely a fraud of monumental dimensions? https://t.co/t1myScXjLb
— Henry Makow (@HenryMakow) September 2, 2020
Horowitz: Anatomy of a ‘CASEdemic’: Over 1,300 reported coronavirus cases at U of Alabama … zero hospitalizations
— Henry Makow (@HenryMakow) September 2, 2020
https://twitter.com/IceAgeFarmer/status/1301060872974950400
Fascist Australia: Pregnant woman arrested by SS in front of her kids, all devices seized for ‘incitement’ – promoting a lockdown protest, Melbourne Saturday. The numbers should be even bigger after this blatant intimidation aimed at stopping the event https://t.co/RVGGfRRqzt pic.twitter.com/Vg7XTgMzhx
— David Icke (@davidicke) September 2, 2020
NOAA CONFIRMS A ‘FULL-BLOWN’ GRAND SOLAR MINIMUM
Their press releases surely won't admit it, but NOAA's PREDICTED SUNSPOT NUMBER AND RADIO FLUX data appears to show a 'full-blown' Grand Solar Minimum running from the late-2020s to the 2040s (at least):https://t.co/hW4fh05tsv
— Electroverse (@Electroversenet) September 2, 2020
Great Reset: Matching Central Bank and Grand solar Minimum Timelines (1028)https://t.co/68HTbi1ZDj#hyperinflation #economicreset #gold #golddemand #grandsolarminimum #adapt2030 #climaterevolution #gotminiiceage #littleiceage #earthchanges #daviddubyne
— David DuByne (@adapt2030) September 2, 2020
FRANCE BREAKS MONTHLY COLD RECORD
Europe’s punishing late-summer cold front has been busy taking names ACROSS the western half of the continent.#GrandSolarMinimumhttps://t.co/8tiV4T8gyW
— Electroverse (@Electroversenet) September 1, 2020
SPAIN SUFFERS “UNUSUALLY EARLY SNOWFALL”
If all you consume is the MSM then you are being desperately misinformed about the state of our planet: you are a herded sheep dutifully following instruction from on high — break free from the flock: #GSM.https://t.co/JAYrInSUUB
— Electroverse (@Electroversenet) September 1, 2020
NEW ZEALAND’S FIRST DAY OF SPRING DELIVERS “BITTERLY COLD” TEMPERATURES AND “WIDESPREAD SNOW” TO THE SOUTH ISLAND
Low-lying and coastal regions received as much as 15cm (5.9 inches) overnight, while ski-fields woke to accumulations of up to 55cm (1.8ft)!https://t.co/9wQYNj7dOn
— Electroverse (@Electroversenet) September 1, 2020
SUMMER SNOW SLAMS MOUNTAIN STATES, AS GFS DOUBLES-DOWN ON NEXT WEEK’S HISTORIC COLD
Latest GFS runs suggest next week could begin with a shiver and a shudder as temperature departures ACROSS the US sink 8C to 18C BELOW the norm. This could be historic:https://t.co/jOflIKkeaK
— Electroverse (@Electroversenet) September 2, 2020
Greenland Ice Record Gains https://t.co/gCnm5h3mSJ#gotminiiceage #miniiceage #littleiceage #grandsolarminimum #earthchanges #daviddubyne #adapt2030 #Greenland #recordice #icegain pic.twitter.com/DecOq0acAk
— David DuByne (@adapt2030) September 2, 2020
Current Greenland Ice Gains Record Augusthttps://t.co/fA4IyPUsOB#gotminiiceage #miniiceage #littleiceage #grandsolarminimum #earthchanges #daviddubyne #adapt2030 #Greenland #icegain #recordice #August pic.twitter.com/JIQwz7EVqH
— David DuByne (@adapt2030) September 2, 2020
GREENLAND’S SUMMER-MELT SEASON LOOKS TO BE OVER, ALMOST A FULL MONTH AHEAD OF SCHEDULEhttps://t.co/YS0Z4yxD8z#gotminiiceage #miniiceage #littleiceage #grandsolarminimum #earthchanges #daviddubyne #adapt2030 #Greenland #summermelt pic.twitter.com/olrc9z3EP0
— David DuByne (@adapt2030) September 2, 2020
Portland Mayor Tells Neighbors He's Moving After Riot Outside His Condo
Maybe it's time for another listening session, Ted?https://t.co/aqOOjRVtFR
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Refund the police. https://t.co/g9rUu6JiBQ
— PragerU (@prageru) August 30, 2020
Attorney for Kyle Rittenhouse: Leftists are Attempting to Find a Way to Bring Harm to Kyle in Prison (Video)
— Henry Makow (@HenryMakow) September 2, 2020
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Infinite Unknown reader S. M. donated $25.
Thank you so much for your continuing support!!!
Very much needed and appreciated.
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Donations in September: $25
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Ron Paul On The "CDC Bombshell": Only 6% Of 'COVID Deaths' From Only COVID
"Is it time to begin litigating the damage done to the US and the world from the lockdown policies?"https://t.co/xAb8tgWil6
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
"They Backed Us Into A Corner": Parents Protest Massachusetts' New Mandatory Vaccination Rules
"I think parents are vulnerable right now. They need their kids to go to school and they backed us into a corner…"https://t.co/Gl29A9lclV
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
#ExposeCBS Michigan Health Center Workers Stage “Fake Patients” In COVID19 Testing Line For CBS Newshttps://t.co/ZgPqVW64p9
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 1, 2020
Victorian government is ‘lethally incompetent’ (The Bolt Report)https://t.co/KGlmnxTNro
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 1, 2020
"Blowouts For Me, Not For Thee!": Pelosi Sneaks Visit To Closed San Francisco Hair Salon
"It's like a slap in the face…."https://t.co/frcqhLfPx3
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Philadelphia Mayor Shamed After Eating Indoors In Maryland While His City Remains Shut Down
"This f*cker should be flagged from every bar and restaurant in the city."https://t.co/hz7F4594w7
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
WHO's Tedros Warns "No Country Can Just Pretend The Pandemic Is Over" As Trump Embraces 'Herd Immunity'
"It's not one size fits all, it's not all or nothing," https://t.co/1nDc8ePqsB
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
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California DA Asks Police To Consider Whether Looters 'Needed' What They Stole Before Filing Charges
"Becton is the same district attorney who charged a couple with a "hate crime" for painting over a Black Lives Matter mural."https://t.co/tHy6dLmtbh
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
'Shoot On-Site': Chicago Gangs Form Pact To Execute Cops Who Draw Weapons On Suspects, Says FBI
"Members of these gang factions have been actively searching for, and filming, police officers."https://t.co/yc1JDZSerq
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
"It Happened So Fast" – Baltimore Man Smashed By Brick, Disturbing Video Showshttps://t.co/kagz7F7mrx
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Systemic Chaos https://t.co/M8DN62Y1oI
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Flamethrower-Packing Antifa 'Entered Fetal Position And Began Crying' After Unsuccessful Escape From Cops
He goes by "Commander Red…"https://t.co/ePr9E6lePD
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Portland Police Declare "Riot," Use Smoke Grenades, Pepper Balls As Violence Flares Up
"Earlier in the night in Portland, antifa rioters calmly smashed up a random business to protest police…" https://t.co/DzxAnafwdM
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
"They Left His Body Face Down In The Dirt" – Protesters Surround LA Sheriff's Office After Latest Police Killing Of 'Armed' Black Manhttps://t.co/GIipkdbMCG
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
NPR Is Openly Promoting A Book That Celebrates And Encourages Looting
In Defense of Looting: A Riotous History of Uncivil Action is a book by Philadelphia-based Vicky Osterweil that currently sits atop of the Amazon new release charts.https://t.co/eUJOag3hJ6
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Oregon State Police Are Back In Portland: And This Time They Will Be Sticking Around
It's too bad a man had to die for Oregon's top Democrats to recognize the importance of policing Portland's raucous protest-riots.https://t.co/uinfTFW1UW
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
"This Is Real… There's Going To Be A F**king War In November": Dem Operative Admits Voter Fraud
"Some of the biggest names and highest office holders in New Jersey have benefited from his tricks…"https://t.co/zP0MsYrl3V
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
3 Peopled Wounded In 'Mass Stabbing' Near Manchester High School
It's the latest seemingly unprovoked mass stabbing in and around Manchester over the past 2 weeks.https://t.co/QoY5B9AuUf
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Millions Of Americans Had Their Emergency Savings Wiped Out By Downturn
The virus-induced recession wiped out 14% or about 46 million American's emergency savings. https://t.co/EB4aQio231
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Australia Plunges Into First Recession In 29 Years Following Biggest GDP Drop On Recordhttps://t.co/bdLebvDtop
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Recent Wave Of Job Losses Casts Shadow On Recoveryhttps://t.co/i7XOuWgKyc
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Bill De Blasio Says NYC Indoor Dining May Not Happen Until June 2021
That is, if there's anyone left in New York City by then…https://t.co/Y1aZWpQP6l
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
New Jersey Is Becoming The Most Hated State As Households Flee In Record Numbers
Out of every 10 moves, 7 have been households leaving the state, or nearly three times as many moved out than moved in.https://t.co/tvjZt8AfZ3
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
J.C. Penney On Verge Of Liquidation After Mall Talks Collapse
70,000 jobs hang in the balance.https://t.co/DWtt8qV8t8
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
New York City's MTA Crisis Could Be "Catastrophic" For Housing Market
Chain reaction… https://t.co/8DHWgO2UsO
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
In Unprecedented Move, CDC Halts Most Rental Evictions Until End Of 2020https://t.co/p9VdA5tx0D
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
This Was The Best Performing Asset In August And 2020 YTD
Hint: not tech.https://t.co/HMXWO5OpXT
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Finally Something Most Agree On: 70% Of Americans Demand More Stimulus https://t.co/cxL5LGtv9l
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Venezuela Turns To Gold Mining To Escape Economic Ruin
“Mining areas in the Venezuelan Amazon have grown chaotically, even in areas surrounding towns and cities.”https://t.co/iGnMbvMmAc
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
MIT Debunks Musk's Neuralink As "Neuroscience Theater" In Scathing Critique
"None of these advances are close at hand, and some are unlikely to ever come about," the article stated, calling most of the company’s medical claims "highly speculative."https://t.co/rPHAaMK8Fv
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
California's Radical Brainwashing Curriculum Soon To Be Mandatory
A new California bill would establish a K-12 curriculum mandating classes in the ‘four I’s of oppression,’ ideological, institutional, interpersonal and internalized…https://t.co/BEvneJdgz8
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Deflation Of The Citizenry's Hard Assets Will Be A Huge Buying Opportunity For Insider Power Elites
The gravy train will have to stop at some point, but right now the global elites have pushed their chips on to the U.S. dollar and stocks.https://t.co/egQFGyhtAE
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Wild Horses And Mammoths Were Still Eating Grass Year-Round In The Arctic Until 2500-4000 Years Agohttps://t.co/vrMjtKjlXm
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 1, 2020
Rioters to Lose Welfare Checks Under New Bill
'
Support Peaceful Protest Act' targets 'jobless rioters destroying our communitities'https://t.co/FNSpDCWcDU— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 1, 2020
India-China tensions: India rushes troops to border, calls China ‘provocative’
India has bolstered its defences and accused Beijing of being “provocative” amid a new flare-up on the border. https://t.co/qyfXLYLoPf
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 1, 2020
Planned war between Turkey and Greece is coming as predicted…
How Should The European Union Respond To Rising Greece-Turkey Tensions?https://t.co/ldTIjRddJ0
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Kamala Harris Helped Bail Out Two Murder Suspects And Twice-Convicted Sex Offender
This is the first thing Vice President Pence should ask her about when they debate…https://t.co/DfL7R8DqF3
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
California To Set Up Task Force To Examine Slavery Reparations
The measure passed the state Senate in a bipartisan vote…https://t.co/6hPpM6zrNq
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Planned civil war is coming , as predicted (and as I've been warning you for many years)…
Watch As Democrats Spend Four Years Fantasizing About Riots, Assassination And Violent Chaos
They got what they asked for, except now it's backfiring…https://t.co/zgNeeL39zh
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
Chinese newspaper claims Australia becoming ‘poor white trash of Asia’https://t.co/wLy0n0RdXF
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 1, 2020
As US Warship Again Transits Taiwan Strait, Taipei & Beijing Warn Each Other: 'Risk Of Accidental Conflict Likely'
Second provocative US Navy sail through in two weeks…https://t.co/XYmV7BQhZC
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
https://youtu.be/TfARqc_vvbo
Gandalf (reading):
"They have taken the bridge and the second hall. We have barred the gates but cannot hold them for long. The ground shakes, drums… drums in the deep. We cannot get out. A shadow lurks in the dark. We can not get out… they are coming." pic.twitter.com/V0DV7dou14
— Infinite Unknown (@SecretNews) September 2, 2020
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– A WARNING FROM HISTORY–THE CARRINGTON EVENT WAS NOT UNIQUE (SpaceWeather.com, Sept 1. 2020):
On Sept. 1st, 1859, the most ferocious solar storm in recorded history engulfed our planet. It was “the Carrington Event,” named after British scientist Richard Carrington, who witnessed the flare that started it. The storm rocked Earth’s magnetic field, sparked auroras over Cuba, the Bahamas and Hawaii, set fire to telegraph stations, and wrote itself into history books as the Biggest. Solar. Storm. Ever.
But, sometimes, what you read in history books is wrong.
“The Carrington Event was not unique,” says Hisashi Hayakawa of Japan’s Nagoya University, whose recent study of solar storms has uncovered other events of comparable intensity. “While the Carrington Event has long been considered a once-in-a-century catastrophe, historical observations warn us that this may be something that occurs much more frequently.”
Above: Drawings of the Carrington sunspot by Richard Carrington on Sept. 1, 1859, and (inset) Heinrich Schwabe on Aug. 27, 1859. [Ref]
To generations of space weather forecasters who learned in school that the Carrington Event was one of a kind, these are unsettling thoughts. Modern technology is far more vulnerable to solar storms than 19th-century telegraphs. Think about GPS, the internet, and transcontinental power grids that can carry geomagnetic storm surges from coast to coast in a matter of minutes. A modern-day Carrington Event could cause widespread power outages along with disruptions to navigation, air travel, banking, and all forms of digital communication.
Many previous studies of solar superstorms leaned heavily on Western Hemisphere accounts, omitting data from the Eastern Hemisphere. This skewed perceptions of the Carrington Event, highlighting its importance while causing other superstorms to be overlooked.
A good example is the great storm of mid-September 1770, when extremely bright red auroras blanketed Japan and parts of China. Captain Cook himself saw the display from near Timor Island, south of Indonesia. Hayakawa and colleagues recently found drawings of the instigating sunspot, and it is twice the size of the Carrington sunspot group. Paintings, dairy entries, and other newfound records, especially from China, depict some of the lowest-latitude auroras ever, spread over a period of 9 days.
Above: An eyewitness sketch of red auroras over Japan in mid-September 1770. [Ref]
“We conclude that the 1770 magnetic storm was comparable to the Carrington Event, at least in terms of auroral visibility,” wrote Hayakawa and colleagues in a 2017 Astrophysical Journal Letter. Moreover, “the duration of the storm activity was much longer than usual.”
Hayakawa’s team has delved into the history of other storms as well, examining Japanese diaries, Chinese and Korean government records, archives of the Russian Central Observatory, and log-books from ships at sea–all helping to form a more complete picture of events.
They found that superstorms in February 1872 and May 1921 were also comparable to the Carrington Event, with similar magnetic amplitudes and widespread auroras. Two more storms are nipping at Carrington’s heels: The Quebec Blackout of March 13, 1989, and an unnamed storm on Sept. 25, 1909, were only a factor of ~2 less intense. (Check Table 1 of Hayakawa et al‘s 2019 paper for details.)
“This is likely happening much more often than previously thought,” says Hayakawa.
Above: Chinese report of a giant naked-eye sunspot group on February 9, 1872. [Ref]
Are we overdue for another Carrington Event? Maybe. In fact, we might have just missed one.
In July 2012, NASA and European spacecraft watched an extreme solar storm erupt from the sun and narrowly miss Earth. “If it had hit, we would still be picking up the pieces,” announced Daniel Baker of the University of Colorado at a NOAA Space Weather Workshop 2 years later. “It might have been stronger than the Carrington Event itself.”
History books, let the re-write begin.
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